My research study aims to contribute in the monitoring of environmental protection more specifically in identifying pathogenic bacteria and assessing the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes in our ecosystems. In relation to the assessment and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs). The main objectives are to identify potentially pathogenic bacteria such as the presence of E. coli in river samples, to carry out a comprehensive screening of antibiotic resistance genes and to investigate the differential prevalence of genes in free-living bacteria and bacterial particle-associated organisms in rural and urban river basins in Germany. .